Ubuntu搭建Mysql+Keepalived高可用(双主热备)

Mysql5.5双机热备

实现方案

Ubuntu搭建Mysql+Keepalived高可用(双主热备)

安装两台Mysql

安装Mysql5.5

sudo apt-get update  apt-get install aptitude aptitude install mysql-server-5.5 或 sudo apt-cache search mariadb-server apt-get install -y mariadb-server-5.5

卸载

sudo apt-get remove mysql-* dpkg -l |grep ^rc|awk '{print $2}' |sudo xargs dpkg -P

配置权限

vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf #bind-address = 127.0.0.1  mysql -u root -p grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option; flush privileges;

配置两台Mysql主主同步

配置节点1

vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

server-id       = 1                                            #节点ID log_bin         = mysql-bin.log               #日志  binlog_format   = "ROW"                                    #日志格式 auto_increment_increment = 2                        #自增ID间隔(=节点数,防止ID冲突) auto_increment_offset  = 1                            #自增ID起始值(节点ID) binlog_ignore_db=mysql                                    #不同步的数据库 binlog_ignore_db=information_schema binlog_ignore_db=performance_schema

重启mysql

service mysql restart mysql -u root -p

记录节点1的binlog日志位置

show master status;  mysql-bin.000001    245        mysql,information_schema,performance_schema

配置节点2

vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

server-id       = 2 log_bin         = mysql-bin.log                     relay_log       = mysql-relay-bin.log        #中继日志 log_slave_updates = ON                                  #中继日志执行后,变化计入日志 read_only       = 0 binlog_format   = "ROW" auto_increment_increment = 2 auto_increment_offset  = 2 binlog_ignore_db=mysql binlog_ignore_db=information_schema binlog_ignore_db=performance_schema replicate_ignore_db=mysql replicate_ignore_db=information_schema replicate_ignore_db=performance_schema

配置主从

mysql -u root -p  CHANGE MASTER TO         MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.21',         MASTER_USER='root',         MASTER_PASSWORD='root',         MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',         MASTER_LOG_POS=245;  #开启同步 start slave  #查看同步状态 Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running需要均为Yes        show slave status;  

记录节点2的binlog日志位置

show master status;  mysql-bin.000001    1029        mysql,information_schema,performance_schema

配置主主(节点1)

vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

relay_log       = mysql-relay-bin.log log_slave_updates = ON read_only       = 0 replicate_ignore_db=mysql replicate_ignore_db=information_schema replicate_ignore_db=performance_schema

开启同步

mysql -u root -p  CHANGE MASTER TO         MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.20',         MASTER_USER='root',         MASTER_PASSWORD='root',         MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',         MASTER_LOG_POS=1029;  #开启同步 start slave  #查看同步状态 Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running需要均为Yes        show slave status; 

异常处理

Could not initialize master info structure, more error messages can be found in the MySQL error log  解决:reset slave

安装配置Keepalived

安装Keepalived

#依赖 sudo apt-get install -y libssl-dev sudo apt-get install -y openssl  sudo apt-get install -y libpopt-dev sudo apt-get install -y libnl-dev libnl-3-dev libnl-genl-3.dev apt-get install daemon apt-get install libc-dev apt-get install libnfnetlink-dev apt-get install libnl-genl-3.dev  #安装 apt-get install keepalived  #编译安装 cd /usr/local wget https://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-2.2.2.tar.gz tar -zxvf keepalived-2.2.2.tar.gz  mv keepalived-2.2.2 keepalived ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived sudo make && make install  #开启日志 sudo vim /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf   *.=info;*.=notice;*.=warn;\         auth,authpriv.none;\         cron,daemon.none;\         mail,news.none          -/var/log/messages          sudo service rsyslog restart  tail -f /var/log/messages  sudo mkdir /etc/sysconfig sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/ sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/ sudo mkdir /etc/keepalived sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

配置节点信息

节点1 192.168.1.21

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

global_defs {    router_id MYSQL_HA  #当前节点名 } vrrp_instance VI_1 {         state BACKUP         #两台配置节点均为BACKUP     interface eth0       #绑定虚拟IP的网络接口     virtual_router_id 51 #VRRP组名,两个节点的设置必须一样,以指明各个节点属于同一VRRP组     priority 101         #节点的优先级,另一台优先级改低一点     advert_int 1         #组播信息发送间隔,两个节点设置必须一样     nopreempt            #不抢占,只在优先级高的机器上设置即可,优先级低的机器不设置     authentication {      #设置验证信息,两个节点必须一致         auth_type PASS         auth_pass 123456     }     virtual_ipaddress {   #指定虚拟IP,两个节点设置必须一样         192.168.1.111     } } virtual_server 192.168.1.111 3306 {   #linux虚拟服务器(LVS)配置      delay_loop 2     #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态     lb_algo wrr      #LVS调度算法,rr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|sh|dh     lb_kind DR      #LVS集群模式 ,NAT|DR|TUN     persistence_timeout 60    #会话保持时间     protocol TCP    #使用的协议是TCP还是UDP      real_server 192.168.1.21 3306 {         weight 3   #权重         notify_down  /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh    #检测到服务down后执行的脚本         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 10   #连接超时时间             nb_get_retry 3      #重连次数             delay_before_retry 3 #重连间隔时间             connect_port 3306    #健康检查端口         }     }     }

节点2 192.168.1.20

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

global_defs {    router_id MYSQL_HA  #当前节点名 } vrrp_instance VI_1 {     state BACKUP         #两台配置节点均为BACKUP     interface eth0       #绑定虚拟IP的网络接口     virtual_router_id 51 #VRRP组名,两个节点的设置必须一样,以指明各个节点属于同一VRRP组     priority 100         #节点的优先级,另一台优先级改低一点     advert_int 1         #组播信息发送间隔,两个节点设置必须一样     nopreempt            #不抢占,只在优先级高的机器上设置即可,优先级低的机器不设置     authentication {      #设置验证信息,两个节点必须一致         auth_type PASS         auth_pass 123456     }     virtual_ipaddress {   #指定虚拟IP,两个节点设置必须一样         192.168.1.111     } } virtual_server 192.168.1.111 3306 {   #linux虚拟服务器(LVS)配置     delay_loop 2     #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态     lb_algo wrr      #LVS调度算法,rr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|sh|dh     lb_kind DR      #LVS集群模式 ,NAT|DR|TUN     persistence_timeout 60    #会话保持时间     protocol TCP    #使用的协议是TCP还是UDP      real_server 192.168.1.20 3306 {         weight 3   #权重         notify_down  /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh    #检测到服务down后执行的脚本         TCP_CHECK {             connect_timeout 10   #连接超时时间             nb_get_retry 3      #重连次数             delay_before_retry 3 #重连间隔时间             connect_port 3306    #健康检查端口         }     } }

编写异常处理脚本

vim /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh

#!/bin/sh  killall keepalived

分配权限

chmod +x /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh

测试

重启keepalived

service keepalived restart

查看日志

tail -f /var/log/messages

查看虚拟IP

ip addr  #或ip a 或ifconfig  #主节点会有虚拟IP eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000     link/ether 52:54:9e:17:53:e5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 192.168.1.21/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever     inet 192.168.1.111/32 scope global eth0        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

关闭主节点的mysql服务

service mysql stop

日志信息

#主节点 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: TCP connection to [192.168.1.20]:3306 failed !!! Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: Removing service [192.168.1.20]:3306 from VS [192.168.1.111]:3306 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: Executing [/usr/local/bin/mysql.sh] for service [192.168.1.20]:3306 in VS [192.168.1.111]:3306 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: Lost quorum 1-0=1 > 0 for VS [192.168.1.111]:3306 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_vrrp[4950]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) sending 0 priority Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 kernel: [100918.976041] IPVS: __ip_vs_del_service: enter  #从节点 Aug 10 15:00:31 i-6gxo6kx7 Keepalived_vrrp[718]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE Aug 10 15:00:32 i-6gxo6kx7 Keepalived_vrrp[718]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

虚拟IP从主节点漂移到从节点

ip a  eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000     link/ether 52:54:9e:e7:26:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff     inet 192.168.1.20/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever     inet 192.168.1.111/32 scope global eth0        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Mysql连接测试

mysql -h 192.168.1.111 -u root -p

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