Spring Boot 如何整合多个数据源?

SpringBoot现在是很多很多公司应用的后端框架,因为它搭建快,能更好、更快速的整合其他第三方。那么随着业务的不断扩展,业务量的增加,这时候就会牵扯到分库分表,虽然这个词听起来很熟悉,作为程序员也很容易理解,但是我想应该也有不少读者没接触过分库分表,今天我们不聊如何分库分表,而是聊SpringBoot如何整合多个数据源的事情。也就是如何接入不同的(多个)数据库。

Spring Boot 如何整合多个数据源?

我们直接开始,我们直接创建一个干净的SpringBoot应用。

<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.8</version>
</dependency>

引入需要的maven坐标,那么我们这个工程就算搭建起来了,接下来就是配置,如何让SpringBoot整合两个Mysql数据源。首先我们在本地创建两个数据库test1和test2,同时在里面创建两个结构一样的表。

CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '用户ID',
`username` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
`password` varchar(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',
`create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

在我们的工程中配置application.yml文件,将数据库的信息配置进去

spring:
datasource:
test1:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test1?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true&serverTimezone=UTC
username: root
password: 1234
test2:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true&serverTimezone=UTC
username: root
password: 1234

接下来就是写我们的配置类了,这也是整合多个数据源最为关键的部分。

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
/**
* @ClassName DataSource2Config
* @Description TODO
* @Auther lbt
* @Date 2019/6/28/028 10:07
* @Version 1.0
*/
@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.mapper.test1", sqlSessionFactoryRef = "test1SqlSessionFactory")
public class DataSource1Config {
@Bean(name = "test1DataSource")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.test1")
@Primary
public DataSource test1DataSource() {
return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean(name = "test1SqlSessionFactory")
@Primary
public SqlSessionFactory test1SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("test1DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
return bean.getObject();
}
@Bean(name = "test1TransactionManager")
@Primary
public DataSourceTransactionManager test1TransactionManager(@Qualifier("test1DataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
}
@Bean(name = "test1SqlSessionTemplate")
@Primary
public SqlSessionTemplate test1SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("test1SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
}
}

第二个数据源的配置

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.mapper.test2", sqlSessionFactoryRef = "test2SqlSessionFactory")
public class DataSource2Config {
@Bean(name = "test2DataSource")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.test2")
public DataSource test2DataSource() {
return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionFactory")
public SqlSessionFactory test2SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("test2DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
return bean.getObject();
}
@Bean(name = "test2TransactionManager")
public DataSourceTransactionManager test2TransactionManager(@Qualifier("test2DataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
}
@Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionTemplate")
public SqlSessionTemplate test2SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("test2SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
}
}

这样我们整个的配置其实就算好了,我们接下来写一个Controller类来测试一下,我们整合的数据源是不是真的可以用呢?

@RestController
public class TestController {
@Autowired
private User1Service user1Service;
@Autowired
private User2Service user2Service;
@RequestMapping("/user1")
public Object user1Controller() {
List<UserPo> all = user1Service.findAll();
return all;
}
@RequestMapping("/user2")
public Object user2Controller() {
List<UserPo> all = user2Service.findAll();
return all;
}
}

我写了个两个Controller方法,分别访问不同的接口,我们来看下访问结果。

当我们访问user1的时候返回如下:


Spring Boot 如何整合多个数据源?


当我们访问user2的时候访问如下


Spring Boot 如何整合多个数据源?


看到这里其实我们的整个整合也就完成了, 虽然看起来很简单,但是你如果没写过确实会走很多坑,我刚整合的时候就遇到了很多坑,为了帮助大家重复采坑,分享出来供大家参考.

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